Background information to this article came from here.
| Name | Year | Based On | Written by |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Java | 1995 | C and C++ | Sun Microsystems as a graphical language to run on any operating system (Windows, Mac, Unix) inside a Java "virtual machine". It is now one of the most in-demand programming languages, playing a major role within the Android operating system on smartphones. Sun was started by a team of programmers from Stanford University in California in 1982, building Sun workstations that ran on the Unix operating system. |
| 2. C | 1972 | B | AT&T Bell Inc. as a high-level structured language with which to write an operating system — Unix for Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)'s |
| 3. C++ | 1983 | C | AT&T Bell Inc. to provide C with "classes" or graphical "object" extensions. Used in writing Adobe graphical software and the Netscape web browser. |
| 4. C# (C sharp) | 2000 | C and C++ | Microsoft to run on Windows operating systems. |
| 5. Objective C | 1988 | C | Licensed by Steve Jobs to run his NeXT graphical workstations. Currently runs OSX operating system on Apple iMacs and iOS on Apple iPads and iPhones. |
| 6. PHP | 1997 | C and C++ | University students as open source software running on web servers. Major community release by two programmers, Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski, in Israel in 2000. Used in Wordpress and Facebook. |
| 7. Python | 1991 | C and C++ | University and research students on web servers as open source software. Click here for sample instructions. First major community release in 2000. Used by Google, Yahoo, NASA. |
| 8. Ruby | 1995 | C and C++ | Japanese university students as open source software for websites and mobile apps. |
| 9. Javascript | 1995 | C | Marc Andreessen at Netscape (the forerunner to Mozilla's Firefox browser) as open source software at the client end. Used in Adobe Acrobat. |
| 10. SQL | 1974 | Initially designed by IBM as a structured query language, a special-purpose language for managing data in IBM's relational database management systems. It is most commonly used for its "Query" function, which searches informational databases. SQL was standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in the 1980s. |
** End of List
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