Extract from http://www.aina.org/faq.html

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The Assyrian Kings List B.C.
During Akkadian Domination Note: To balance this record with www.swcs.com.au/timeline.asp and the collapse of Nineveh in 532BC, 80 years came off from each date. Click here for the Nebuchadnezzar-related background to these 80 years. Click here for a reconciliation with the Jewish calendar. This balances these records with both Jewish and Christian calendars. This also places Sargon I (identified by many with Nimrod in the Scriptures) in 2254BC – 2199BC and the kingdom of Babylon. Steve.
Sargon I	2254	2199	55 years	United Mesopotamia (Sumer & Akkad) speaking in Akkadian the oldest Semitic language for which records exist. Written in cuneiform with two dialects Assyrian and Babylonian.
Rimush	2198	2190	8	Conquers Elam and Marhashi (Central Iran)
Manishtushu	2189	2175	14	Renovates Temple of Ishtar
Naram-Sin	2174	2138	36	Arrogates god-like status to himself
Shar-Kali-Shari	2137	2113	24	Akkadian kingship begins to weaken
Igigi	2112
Nanium
Imi
Elul-dan	2110
Dudu	2109	2089	20
Shu-Turul	2088	2074	14	Akkadian empire collapses
Neo-Sumerian Domination
Ur-Nammu	2032	2015	17	Establishes the Third Dynasty of Ur
Shulgi	2014	1967	47	Extends father's empire to all of Assyria
Amar-Sin	1966	1958	8
Shu-Sin	1957	1949	8
Ibbi-Sin	1948	1924	24	Amorites weaken Sumerian power
Historic Period (written history)
Erishum II	1840	1820	20
Shamshi-Adad I	1733	1701	32	Unites all independent Assyrian city-states
Ishme-Dagan I	1700	1661	39	Contemporary with Hammurabi of Babylon
Ashur-Dugul
5 Unknown Rulers
Adasi
Several Minor Rulers
Erishum III
Shamshi-Adad II
Ishme-Dagan II
Shamshi-Adad III
Ashur-Nirari I
Puzur-Ashur III	1520
Enlil-Nasir I
Ashur-Nirar IIi
Ashur-Bel-Nisheshu	1337	1329	8
Ashur-Rim-Nisheshu
Ashur-Nadin-Ahhe II
Eriba-Adad I
Middle Period
Ashur-Uballit I	1283	1248	35	Gains Assyrian Independence from Mittani
Enlil-Nirari	1247	1238	9
Arik-Den-Ili	1237	1226	11
Adad-Nirari I	1225	1194	31	Mittani falls to Assyria
Shalmaneser I	1193	1164	29	Urartu falls to Assyria
Tukulti-Ninurta I	1163	1127	36	Sacks Babylon, killed by his own son
Ashur-Nadin-Apli	1126	1123	3	Assyrian power is weakened
Ashur-Nirari III	1122	1117	5
Enlil-Kudurri-Usur	1116	1111	5
Ninurta-Apal-Ekur	1111	1099	12
Ashur-Dan I	1098	1053	45	Elam captures Babylonia
Ashur-Resha-Ishi I	1052	1035	17	Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylon captures Elam
Ninurta-Tukulti-Ashur	1035	1034	1
Mutakkil-Nusku	1035	1034	1
Tiglath-Pileser I	1034	996	38	In defending Assyria, defeats Nebuchadnezzar
Asharid-Pal-Ekur II				Limited to Nineveh,Irbil, & Ashur province
Ashur-Bel-Kala	996	977	19
?	977	973	4
Shamshi-Adad IV	973	969	4
5 Unknown Rulers	969	930	39
Ashur-Rabi II	930	890	40	Israel & Judah under Solomon
Ashur-Resh-Ishi II	889	887	2
Tiglath-Pilasar II	886	855	31
Ashur-Dan II	854	832	22
Late Period
Adad-Nirari II	831	811	20	Captures Babylonia, Anatolia, & Syrian plain
Tukulti-Ninurta II	810	804	6	Peace with Babylon, no tributes required
Ashurnasirpal II	803	779	24	Assyrian empire reaches Mediterranean Sea
Shalmaneser III	778	744	34	Defeats Arameans, captures Babylon & Persia
Shamshi-Adad V	743	731	12
Shamiram	731	726	5	Ruler of Assyria while her son was a minor
Adad-Nirari III	726	703	23	Assyrian rule weakens
Shalmaneser IV	702	693	9
Ashur-Dan III	692	675	17	Rebellions against Assyria
Ashur-Nirari V	674	665	9
Tiglath-Pileser III	664	647	17	Regains Assyrian might greater than before
Shalmaneser V	654	639	15	Captures Samaria, deports Israelites, probably reigning conjointly with his father,brother,nephew
Sargon II	654	638	16	Captures Egypt, Urartu, Babylon, Dies in a battle, probably reigned conjointly with his father,brother,son
Sennacherib	654	631	23	Fought rebellions, destroyed Babylon, probably reigning conjointly with his grandfather,uncle,father
Esarhaddon	630	619	11	Rebuilt Babylon, defeated Scythians, Cimmerians
Ashurbanipal	618	577	41	Defeats Egypt, Lydia, & Elam. Last great king of Assyria. Famously, his Royal Library in Nineveh, discovered in 1853, contained numerous clay tablets in Akkadian that included the "Epic of Gilgamesh", composed between 1300BC and 1000BC. Gilgamesh was apparently a king of Erech circa 2100BC who visited Utnapishtim (Noah) to discover the secret of eternal life, rumoured to have been granted to Noah after the flood, given his great age at that time.
Ashur-Etel-Ilani	547	544	3	Babylonians attack Assyria. His reign follows, perhaps, 30 years of pretenders. Nation greatly weakened.
Sin-Shar-Ishkun	543	532	11	Medes sack Nineveh
Ashur-Uballit II	532	529	3	Flees to Harran, supported by Egyptians

Assyrians: Frequently Asked Questions

Who are the Assyrians?

A semitic peoples indigenous to North Iraq; builders of the great Mesopotamian civilizations; ethnically distinct from Arabs and Jews (the other semitic peoples of the region).

What language do they speak?

They currently speak modern Assyrian (also known as neo-Syriac), which is the oldest extant language, and was the lingua franca of the Middle East until 900 A.D., when it was supplanted by Arabic (except among Assyrians). Before this they spoke Akkadian and Assyrian Aramaic (which co-existed until circa 500 B.C. Aramaic was made the second official language of the Empire in 752 B.C.). Modern Assyrian (neo-Syriac) is derived from Assyrian Aramaic, is written right to left, and has a lot of Akkadian vocabulary and influence in it.

What is their religion?

Assyrians are Christians. They belong to three main Assyrian churches: 1) The Assyrian Church of the East (at times called "Nestorian"), established in 33 A.D. by Theodos, Thomas, and Bartholomew; 2) the Syriac Orthodox Church (at times called "Jacobite"), established in 450 A.D.; 3) the Chaldean Church of Babylon (Roman Catholic), established in 1552 A.D.

Where do they live?

The majority of Assyrians live in their ancestral homeland, which is now part of Iraq, Iran, Syria and Turkey. Here is a geographical breakdown

World Assyrian Population

Country ▲▼	Population
Armenia	15000
Australia	30000
Austria	7000
Belgium	15000
Brazil	10000
Canada	23000
Denmark	10000
France	20000
Georgia	15000
Germany	70000
Greece	8000
Iran	50000
Iraq	1500000
Italy	3000
Jordan	44000
Lebanon	100000
Mexico	2000
Netherlands	20000
New Zealand	3000
Russian Federation	70000
Sweden	120000
Switzerland	10000
Syrian Arab Republic	700000
Turkey	24000
United Kingdom/Great Britain	8000
United States	400000
-Other-	100000

What are important dates for Assyrians?

• March 21st, Assyrian New Year.
• August 7th, Assyrian Martyrs day.
• April 24th, anniversary of the Turkish genocide of Assyrians in World War One, called seyfo (sword) in Assyrian

Introduction

Assyrians of today belong to three major churches: the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East (at times called "Nestorian"), The Assyrian Orthodox Church (at times called "Jacobite") and the Chaldean Church of Babylon ("Chaldeans", Roman Catholic uniates). Precise numbers are difficult to estimate, but there are about 800,000 members in the Church of the East, 1,500,000 members in the Chaldean Church, and about 900,000 members in the Assyrian Orthodox Church.

Beginnings

The Assyrian Church of the East (hence forth ACE), whose official name is the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East, was established in 33 A.D. by the apostles Thomas (Toma in Assyrian), Theodos (Addai in Assyrian), and Bartholomew (Bar Tulmay in Assyrian). The first Patriarch of ACE was Addai, although Thomas and Bartholomew are also officially listed as the first Patriarchs (see Table of Apostolic Succession below).

ACE spread from the Assyrian city Arbela (in North Iraq; Arbela means "Four Gods" in Assyrian) to the surrounding areas of Persia, Syria, and Iraq, and later became centered in Seleucia-Ctesiphon (just south of Baghdad). Through its missionary enterprise, ACE became (perhaps) the largest Church in the world by the 12th century, extending from Syria to China, Korea, Japan, and the Phillipines. ACE was overwhelmed by the Mongol Timur (Tamerlane) and after the thirteenth century could never recover its past glory. It was reduced to a small church in the Assyrian heartland in North Iraq.

The significant achievements of ACE include the translation movement of its clergy and laity, which saw the translation of all the major Greek works of science, philosophy and religion into Assyrian (then into Arabic), and which produced original Assyrian thinkers who wrote extensively and diversely in various fields.

The First Division

ACE was centered in the Sassanid empire, which was rival to the Byzantine empire to the west. Political tension between the two empires separated Eastern from Western Christians, and doctrinal disputes over the nature of Christ (monophysites/diophysites) further distanced the Christian communities. The monophysitic movement gained a stronghold in the Byzantine realm and the Church of the East divided along these geopolitical/doctrinal lines by 450 A.D. -- The Syriac Orthodox Church (SOC) was born.

On this subject, whether Christ is to be said to have “one nature” in total unity, or “two natures” in total unity, many today agree with Paul’s warning to Timothy to withdraw from all who argue, without profit, “over words”. Steve.

The Second Division

In 780 A.D. there occurred a division in SOC, and Mar Maron took his followers from Syria and settled in Mount Lebanon, founding the Maronite Church. The Christians of Lebanon are known as "Maronites", after Mar Maron. The Maronite Church has since become a Roman Catholic Uniate i.e. in union with the Roman Catholic church.

The Third Division

In 1552 A.D. there arose a debate over how the Patriarch of ACE should be chosen. The Patriarch had been elected, but a faction in the Church desired that the Patriarchate become hereditary. The Hereditary faction lost its dispute and as a result sought allegiance with the Catholic Church of Rome. The Roman church made the hereditary faction Roman Catholic Uniates and called the new church the Chaldean Church of Babylon (CCB), to distinguish it from ACE. But in an interesting reversal, the hereditary faction returned fifty years later and took control of ACE, and the election faction took control of CCB.

Table of Apostolic Succession for the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East

1. 33 Toma (Thomas)
2. 33 Bar Tulmay (Bartholomew)
3. 33 - 45 Addai (Thaddeus)
4. 45 - 81 Agai, disciple of Addai (from the Seventy Disciples)
5. 48 - 81 Mari, disciple of Addai (from the Seventy Disciples)
6. 90 - 107 Abris, relative of the Virgin Mary
7. 130 - 152 Oraham I
8. 172 - 190 Yacob I, relative of Joseph the Carpenter
9. 191 - 203 Ebid M'shikha
10. 205 - 220 Akhu d'Awu
11. 224 - 244 Shakhlupa of Kashkar
12. 247 - 326 Papa Bar Gaggai
13. 328 - 341 Shimun Bar Sabbai
14. 345 - 347 Shahdost
15. 350 - 358 Bar Bashmin
16. 383 - 393 Tumarsa
17. 393 - 399 Qaiyuma
18. 399 - 411 Eskhaq
19. 411 - 415 Akhkhi
20. 415 - 420 Yoalaha I
21. 420 Maana
22. 421 Qarabukht
23. 421 - 456 Dadishu
24. 457 - 484 Bawai or Babu
25. 484 - 496 Aqaq
26. 496 - 502 Bawai
27. 505 - 523 Sheela
28. 524 - 535 Narsai
29. 524 - 538 Elisha (dual Patriarchate)
30. 539 - 540 Polos
31. 552 - 567 Yosip
32. 570 - 581 Khazqiyil
33. 581 - 595 Eshuyow I, Arzunaya
34. 596 - 604 Soreshu I Garmaqaya
35. 605 - 608 Greghor, Partaya
36. 628 - 644 Eshuyow II (Gdalaya or Arab)
37. 647 - 650 Mar Immeh
38. 650 - 660 Eshuyow III, Kdayawaya
39. 681 - 684 Gewargis I
40. 684 - 692 Yokhannan I, Bar Marta
41. 686 - 693 Khnaishu I (dual Patriarchate)
42. 693 - 694 Yokhannan II, Garba
43. 714 - 728 Sliwazkha
44. 731 - 740 Pethyon
45. 741 - 751 Awa
46. 752 - 754 Surin
47. 754 - 773 Yacob II
48. 774 - 778 Khnanishu II (the Assyrian monument in China was erected during his reign)
49. 780 - 820 Timotheus I
50. 820 - 824 Esho-barnon
51. 825 - 832 Gewargis II
52. 832 - 836 Soreshu II
53. 837 - 850 Oraham II, Margaya
54. 850 - 852 Teadasis (Theodoros)
55. 860 - 872 Sargis, Suwaya
56. 873 - 884 Annush d'beth Garmay
57. 884 - 892 Yokhannan III, Bar Narsai
58. 892 - 898 Yokhannan IV
59. 900 - 905 Yokhannan V
60. 906 - 937 Oraham III, Abraza
61. 937 - 949 Ammanoel I
62. 961 - 962 Esrail Karkhaya
63. 963 - 986 Odishu Garmaqaya
64. 967 - 1000 Mari Aturaya
65. 1001 - 1012 Yokhannan VI
66. 1013 - 1022 Yokhannan VII
67. 1023 - 1027 Eshuyow IV
68. 1028 - 1049 Elia I
69. 1049 - 1057 Yokhannan VIII
70. 1057 - 1072 Soreshu III (Bar Zanbur)
71. 1072 - 1090 Odishu II (Bar Ars) Aturaya
72. 1092 - 1109 Makkikha I (Bar Shlemon)
73. 1111 - 1132 Elia II
74. 1133 - 1135 Bar Soma (Of Suwa)
75. 1135 - 1136 Bar Gabbara
76. 1138 - 1147 Odishu III (nephew of Elia II)
77. 1148 - 1175 Eshuyow V (from Beth Zodai, Baladaya)
78. 1176 - 1190 Elia III (Abukhalim)
79. 1191 - 1222 Yoalaha II (Bar Qaiyuma)
80. 1222 - 1226 Soreshu IV
81. 1226 - 1256 Soreshu V (from Baghdad)
82. 1257 - 1265 Makkikha II
83. 1265 - 1281 Dinkha I, Arbilaya (from Arbil)
84. 1281 - 1318 Yoalaha III, Bar Turkaye (Turkish by race)
85. 1318 - 1328 Timotheus II, Arbilaya
86. 1329 - 1359 Dinkha II
87. 1359 - 1368 Dinkha III
88. 1369 - 1392 Shimun III
89. 1403 - 1407 Shimun IV
90. 1407 - 1420 Elia III
91. 1420 - 1447 Shimun V
92. 1448 - 1490 Shimun VI
93. 1491 - 1504 Elia V
94. 1505 - 1538 Shimun VII
95. 1538 - 1551 Eshuyow Shimun VIII
96. 1552 - 1558 Dinkha Shimun IX (Bar Mama)
97. 1558 - 1580 Yoalaha Shimun X
98. 1580 - 1600 Dinkha Shimun XI
99. 1600 - 1653 Elia Shimun XI
100. 1653 - 1690 Eshuyow Shimun XIII
101. 1690 - 1692 Yoalaha Shimun XIV
102. 1692 - 1700 Dinkha Shimun XV
103. 1700 - 1740 Shlemon (Sulaiman) Shimun XVI
104. 1740 - 1741 Mikhail (Muukhattis) Shimun XVII
105. 1740 - 1820 Yonan (Yuna) Shimun XVIII
106. 1820 - 1860 Oraham Shimun XIX
107. 1860 - 1903 Ruwil Shimun XX
108. 1903 - 1918 Binyamin Shimun XXI
109. 1918 - 1920 Polos Shimun XXII
110. 1920 - 1975 Eshai Shimun XXIII
111. 1976 - 2015 Dinkha IV
112. 2015 Gewargis III (current)

Table of Apostolic Succession for the Syriac Orthodox Church

1. St. Peter 37
2. Euodius 67
3. Ignatius 68
4. Heros 107
5. Cornelius 127
6. Heros II 154
7. Theophilus 169
8. Maximianus 182
9. Serapion 191
10. Asclipiades 211
11. Philetus 220
12. Zebinus 231
13. Babylas 237
14. Fabius 251
15. Demetrianus 254
16. Paul 260
17. Domnus I 268
18. Timaeus 273
19. Cyril 283
20. Arannus 304
21. Vitalius 314
22. Philogonius 320
23. Paulinus 323
24. Eustathius 324
25. Meletius 360
26. Flavian I 381
27. Porphyrius 404
28. Alexander 412
29. Theodotus 417
30. John I 428
31. Domnus 442
32. Maximus 449
33. Peter II 468
34. Palladius 488
35. Flavian II 498
36. Severus 512
37. Sergius 544
38. Paul II 550
39. Peter III 581
40. Julian I 591
41. Athanasius 595
42. John II 631
43. Theodore 649
44. Severus II 667
45. Athanasius 683
46. Julian 11 686
47. Elias I 709
48. Athanasius 724
49. Iwannis I 740
50. George I 758
51. Joseph 790
52. Kyriakos 793
53. Dionysius 817
54. John III 846
55. Ignatius II 878
56. Theodosius 887
57. Dionysius 897
58. John IV 910
59. Basil I 923
60. John V 936
61. Iwannis II 954
62. Dionysius III 958
63. Abraham 962
64. John VI 963
65. Athanasius 986
66. John VII 1004
67. Dionysius 1034
68. John VIII 1049
69. Athanasius 1058
70. John IX 1063
71. Basil II 1074
72. Dionysius V 1077
73. Iwannis III 1080
74. Dionysius VI 1088
75. Athanasius 1091
76. John X 1129
77. Athanasius 1138
78. Michael 1166
79. Athanasius 1200
80. John XI 1208
81. Ignatius III 1222
82. John XII 1263
83. Ignatius IV 1264
84. Philoxenus 1283
85. Michael II 1292
86. Michael III 1312
87. Basil III 1387
88. Philoxenus 1394
89. Basil IV 1421
90. Behnam 1445
91. Khalaf 1455
92. John XIII 1483
93. Noah 1493
94. Yeshue I 1509
95. Jacob I 1512
96. David I 1517
97. Abdullah I 1520
98. Ne'matallah 1557
99. David II 1576
100. Pilate 1591
101. Hadayatallah 1597
102. Simon 1640
103. Yeshue II 1659
104. Abdulmassih 1662
105. George II 1687
106. Isaac Azar 1709
107. Shukrallah 1722
108. George III 1745
109. George IV 1768
110. Matthew 1782
111. Jonah 1817
112. George V 1819
113. Elias II 1838
114. Jacob II 1847
115. Peter IV 1872
116. Abdulmassih 1895
117. Abdullah II 1906
118. Elias III 1917
119. Ephrem I 1933
120. Jacob III 1957
121. Zakka I 1980
122. Ignatius Aphrem II 2014 (current)

Table of Apostolic Succession for the Chaldean Church of Babylon

Patriarchs 1 to 96 (33 A.D. to 1552 A.D.) are the same as the Church of the East.

1. 1552-1558 Yukhanan Sulaqa
2. 1558-1576 Eliyya VI
3. 1576-1591 Eliyya VII
4. 1591-1617 Eliyya VIII
5. 1617-1660 Eliyya IX
6. 1660-1700 Eliyya X Yohannan Marogin
7. 1700-1722 Eliyya XI Marogin
8. 1772-1778 Elyya XII Denha
9. 1778-1804 Eliyya XIII Isho-Yab
10. 1830-1838 Yohannan VII Hormez
11. 1840-1848 Nicolas Zaya
12. 1848-1878 Joseph VI Audo
13. 1879-1894 Elie XIV Abo-Alyonan
14. 1894-1899 Abdisho V Khayat
15. 1900-1947 Joseph Emmanuel II Toma
16. 1947-1958 Joseph VII Ghanima
17. 1958-1989 Paul II Cheikho
18. 1989-2003 Raphael I BeDaweed
19. 2003-2013 Emmanuel-Karim Daley
20. 2013-current Louis Raphaël I Sako

References

The Might That Was Assyria; H.W.F. Saggs; Sidgwick and Jackson; 1984.

History of Assyria; A.T. Olmstead.

Hagarism: the Making of the Islamic World; Patricia Crone, Michael Cook; Cambridge University Press; 1977.

History of Christianity in Asia: Volume One, Beginnings to 1500; Samuel Moffet; Harper Collins; 1994.

Cambridge Ancient History: The Roman Republic, 133-44 B.C.; W. W. Tarn; Cambridge University Press; 1985; pp 597.

By Foot to China: Mission of the Church of the East, to 1400; John M. L. Young; Grey Pilgrim Publications; Lookout Mountain, GA; 1991.

The Nestorians and their Rituals; George Percy Badger.

A Short History of Syriac Christianity; W. Stewart McCullough.

Patriarch, Shah, and Caliph; William G. Young.

An Introduction to the History of the Assyrian Church; W. A. Wigram.

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