Click here for Upcoming Daylight Saving Time Clock Changes September-December 2023.
Go to the background timeline to GMT and UTC with a link to an actual UTC clock
Go to Daylight Saving Time Summary by Country and by Region
Go to Equinoxes and Solstices in Brisbane and Jerusalem
Go to TimeZones Sunday 29th November 2020
AEST is used in Queensland Australia, Papua New Guinea, Guam, and Vladivostok in far eastern Russia on the Kamchatka peninsula beside the Pacific Ocean Brisbane (Sunrise 5:28AMSunset 5:47PM
) Note, Queensland is a large state: Townsville (Sunrise 5:55AMSunset 6:10PM
) Mount Isa (Sunrise 6:23AMSunset 6:40PM
) Vanuatu, Solomon Islands are 1 hr ahead. Fiji is 2 hrs ahead. New Zealand is 3 hrs ahead (on Daylight Saving). Tonga is also 3 hrs ahead (but without Daylight Saving). Since December 2011 Samoa and Tokelau are 3 hrs ahead and on the same day as New Zealand Tonga and Australia. American Samoa is 3 hrs ahead but on the previous day due to the International Date Line. Sydney (Sunrise 6:23 B5:23), Hobart (Sunrise 6:45 B5:45), Melbourne (Sunrise 6:56 B5:56) NSW, Victoria and Tasmania are 1 hr ahead (except for Broken Hill in NSW). Daylight Saving Adelaide (Sunrise 6:53 B6:23), BrokenHill (Sunrise 6:42 B6:12) ½ hr ahead (Daylight Saving) Darwin (Sunrise 6:30 B7:00) ½ hr behind Tokyo, Seoul 1 hr behind North Korea 1½ hrs behind Perth (Sunrise 5:55 B7:55) 2 hrs behind - except for Eucla in WA (Sunrise 5:48 B7:03) 1¼ hrs behind China (including Tibet), Philippines, Malaysia also 2 hrs behind Beijing, capital of China in the far north (Sunrise 6:09 B8:09Sunset 5:57 B7:57
) Java, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam, Novosibirsk-Russia (chief city in Siberia) 3 hrs behind Myanmar 3½ hrs behind Bangladesh, Kazakhstan-East 4 hrs behind Nepal 4¼ hrs behind India 4½ hrs behind Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan-Central 5 hrs behind Afghanistan 5½ hrs behind Iran 6½ hrs behind Turkey, Moscow, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania 7 hrs behind Athens, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, Finland, Lithuania also 7 hrs behind (Daylight Saving) Libya, Congo Democratic Republic, South Africa 8 hrs behind Rest of Europe except UK & Portugal also 8 hrs behind (Daylight Saving) Algeria, Nigeria, Morocco 9 hrs behind England, Portugal also 9 hrs behind (Daylight Saving) South West Africa (Ghana, Mali, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mauritania) and Iceland 10 hrs behindCentral and Southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina 11 hrs ahead (previous day) also Paraguay, Chile 11 hrs ahead (previous day) (Daylight Saving) Western Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela 10 hrs ahead (previous day) also Haiti, Cuba, Florida and Washington DC and New York in USA, Toronto and Montreal and Quebec in Canada 10 hrs ahead (previous day) (Daylight Saving) Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Panama, Cancún in Mexico 9 hrs ahead (previous day) also Ojinaga in Mexico, Texas and Chicago in USA, Winnipeg in Canada 9 hrs ahead (previous day) (Daylight Saving) San Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico City and most of Northern Mexico 8 hrs ahead (previous day) all year round also Juárez in Northern Mexico, Colorado Utah and New Mexico in USA, Alberta and Saskatchewan in Canada 8 hrs ahead (previous day) (Daylight Saving) Arizona in USA 7 hours ahead (previous day) (all year round) also Baja California in Mexico, Los Angeles and Seattle in USA, Yukon in Canada 7 hrs ahead (previous day) (Daylight Saving) Alaska 6 hrs ahead (previous day) (Daylight Saving) Hawaii, Tahiti 4 hrs ahead (previous day)
10 hours behind Brisbane was also known as GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). The phrase "Mean solar time" was introduced in nautical almanacs in England in 1834 and in France in 1835. It averaged the 24*60*60=86400 seconds mean solar day over the course of the year from vernal equinox to vernal equinox, noting that mean time runs ahead of apparent time by about 14 minutes near February 6 but behind apparent time by about 16 minutes near November 3. The second then became a fixed unit of time....
An average solar day is 24 hrs. This is the time that we set our clocks to. At perihelion (2nd January 2024) the Earth is travelling at its fastest around the sun. Because the sun is moving faster relative to the background stars, it will take longer for the Earth to "catch up" reach solar noon anywhere, resulting in a longer day by about 15 minutes. At aphelion (6th July 2023) the Earth moves at its slowest pace around the sun, so the day is shorter by about 15 minutes.
An apparent solar day can be 20 seconds shorter or 30 seconds longer than a mean solar day. Long or short days occur in succession, so the difference builds up until mean time is ahead of apparent time by about 14 minutes near February 6 and behind apparent time by about 16 minutes near November 3. The
equation of time is this difference, which is cyclical and does not accumulate from year to year.Accordingly during the 1850s and 1860s the Greenwich Royal Observatory in London was chosen by the USA (in particular) as the centre for establishing world time (before Daylight Saving emerged). This line at the Observatory bisects East and West, being 0 degrees longitude.
One of the issues prompting this declaration was The Philippines. Their new Spanish Governor in 1844 had decided to skip a day and Monday December 30 1844 was followed by Wednesday January 1 1845.
On 1 November 1884, Greenwich Mean Time was adopted universally at the International Meridian Conference in Washington, DC. As a result, the International Date Line was drawn up and 24 time zones were created.
Originally, astronomers considered a GMT day to start at noon, while for the general public it started at midnight. In 1928, the name Universal Time or UT was introduced to denote GMT as counted from midnight.
So Universal Time (now UT1) is the modern time standard for mean solar time based on Earth's rotation on its axis. Historically, Universal Time was computed from observing the position of the Sun in the sky. But astronomers found that it was more accurate to measure the rotation of the Earth by observing stars as they crossed the meridian each day.
The rotation of the Earth and UT1 are monitored by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) in Paris, France...
In 1955 the BIH (Bureau International de l'Heure) adopted a proposal by William Markowitz, effective January 1, 1956, dividing UT into UT0 (UT as formerly computed), UT1 (UT0 corrected for polar motion) and UT2 (UT0 corrected for polar motion and seasonal variation). From 1956 to 1972, UT2 was the international standard recommended for radio broadcasting.
UTC Starting in 1956, WWV in Colorado USA broadcast an atomic clock signal stepped by 20 ms increments to bring it into agreement with UT1. Thus it was never more than 20 ms in error. By 1960, the US Naval Observatory, the Royal Greenwich Observatory, and the UK National Physical Laboratory coordinated their radio broadcasts so that time steps and frequency changes were coordinated, and the resulting time scale was informally referred to as "Coordinated Universal Time". In 1963, WWV ceased issuing corrections to UT2. In April 1967, WWV stopped using the local time of the transmitter site (Eastern Time until 1966, and Mountain Time afterwards) and switched to broadcasting Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) i.e. UT1.
The same year the International Telecommunications Union based in Geneva Switzerland formally established UTC (Co-ordinated Universal Time) as their official time standard, overseen from Paris France by the BIPM (Bureau of International Weights and Measures). On January 1 1972, UTC was defined to follow UT1 within 0.9 seconds, with UT2 subsequently becoming irrelevant. In 1974, WWV switched again, to UTC.
While Universal Time (UT1) is tied directly to Earth's rotation, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is based on an atomic timescale and adjusted to approximate Universal Time (UT1) to 0.9 seconds or less. As Earth's rotation gradually slows down, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) must be adjusted with an occasional intercalary leap second to remain within 0.9 seconds of Universal Time (UT1). Accordingly, UTC deviates from TAI (International Atomic Time) by a number of whole seconds. As of 1 January 2017, when another leap second was put into effect, UTC is currently exactly 37 seconds behind TAI. The 37 seconds result from the initial difference of 10 seconds at the start of 1972, plus 27 leap seconds in UTC since 1972.
Today GMT (always identical with UT / UT1) is the basis for civil time in the United Kingdom, including the BBC World Service, the Royal Navy, and the Met Office. And others, particularly in Arab countries such as the Middle East Broadcasting Centre.
Click here for a live UTC clock, started at midnight December 31st 1899 (called January 0, 1900).
On Tuesday March 21, 2017 1:56 PM, "Stephen Williamson" wrote:
Subject: March Equinox now past, almost time to fix up our clocks :-)
Hi all
Yep, nearly that time of year when we realign with Sydney time. This Sunday week.
Great little link below, you can change month and year, by manually altering the hyperlink. Or clicking on their date option (just below their heading). You can also change countries. Boy, I could have used one of these at school when I was in that geography/physics class trying to figure out all those "bits and bobs and what ifs".
March 20 last night. Our Equinox (sun was directly over Equator at 8:29pm) Brisbane Sunrise 5:51AMSunset 5:59PM
March 25 will be our most equal day due to a light lingering "quirkiness" thing. Technical term : "refraction" Brisbane Sunrise 5:53AMSunset 5:53PM
11hrs 59 minutes 43 seconds almost, not quite, 12 hours. December 21 was our Longest day, ie sun was furthest to the south over Tropic of Capricorn Brisbane Sunrise 4:49AMSunset 6:42PM
13hrs 52 minutes 54 seconds June 21 (Shortest day, sun furthest to the north over Tropic of Cancer) Brisbane Sunrise 6:37AMSunset 5:01PM
10hrs 24 minutes 13 seconds
March 20 yesterday afternoon. Their Equinox (sun was directly over Equator at 12:29pm) Jerusalem Sunrise 5:41AMSunset 5:51PM
March 16 was their most equal day due to their latitude and curvature. Jerusalem Sunrise 5:48AMSunset 5:47PM
11hrs 59 minutes 47 seconds June 21 (Their Longest day - they use Daylight saving, starts 2am this Friday) Jerusalem Sunrise 5:34AMSunset 7:47PM
14hrs 13 minutes 33 seconds December 21 (Shortest day) Jerusalem Sunrise 6:35AMSunset 4:39PM
10hrs 4 minutes 28 seconds Blessings Steve
Daylight Saving Time by Country
Some History
Daylight Saving Time History
In ancient times, by using sundials there were always 12 hours in the day, though its length varied with the seasons. Romans were fond of the water clock, a mechanised way of knowing the time, day and night. After mechanical clocks developed about 1000 AD, the length of the hour gradually became fixed. People varied their opening hours between seasons, as it suited them.
Daylight saving was introduced during World War 1 by both sides of the conflict. Berlin initiated the move in summer on Monday 1st May 1916 as a means of conserving coal, by having more light in the evening. Other countries followed suit, including Australia, in 1917 only. After 1919, while UK US France Canada and Ireland kept it going, the rest of Europe and Russia abandoned it. It was restored by many countries (but not Russia) in 1940 during World War 2, abandoned afterwards in 1949 or 1950, then brought in again starting in Tasmania in 1968. Most of Australia followed in 1971 excepting Western Australia and Northern Territory. After many complaints in much of Queensland, it was abandoned there the following year in 1972. It was retrialled under Labour Premier Wayne Goss in 1989, but has been abandoned since 1992.
Daylight Saving Time in Australia
Following pages are from www.timetemperature.com
when the sun was in the south :-) Brisbane (Sunrise 4:44AMSunset 6:27PM
) Note, Queensland is a large state: Townsville (Sunrise 5:25AMSunset 6:36PM
) Mount Isa (Sunrise 5:52AMSunset 7:08PM
) Vanuatu is 1 hr ahead. Fiji is 2 hrs ahead. New Zealand is 3 hrs ahead (on Daylight Saving). Tonga is also 3 hrs ahead (but without Daylight Saving). In 2020 Samoa was 4 hrs ahead (on Daylight Saving, but Samoa has abandoned Daylight Saving since 2021). American Samoa is 3 hrs ahead (without Daylight Saving) and on the previous day due to the International Date Line. Sydney (Sunrise 5:37 B4:37), Hobart (Sunrise 5:27 B4:27), Melbourne (Sunrise 5:52 B4:52) NSW, Victoria and Tasmania are 1 hr ahead (except for Broken Hill in NSW). Daylight Saving Adelaide (Sunrise 5:55 B5:25), BrokenHill (Sunrise 5:51 B5:21) ½ hr ahead (Daylight Saving) Darwin (Sunrise 6:11 B6:41) ½ hr behind Tokyo, Seoul 1 hr behind North Korea 1½ hrs behind Perth (Sunrise 5:03 B7:03) 2 hrs behind - except for Eucla in WA (Sunrise 4:57 B6:12) 1¼ hrs behind. China (including Tibet), Philippines, Malaysia also 2 hrs behind Beijing, capital of China in the far north (Sunrise 7:14 B9:14Sunset 4:50 B6:50
) Java, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam, Novosibirsk-Russia (chief city in Siberia) 3 hrs behind Myanmar 3½ hrs behind Bangladesh, Kazakhstan-East 4 hrs behind Nepal 4¼ hrs behind India 4½ hrs behind Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan-Central 5 hrs behind Afghanistan 5½ hrs behind Iran 6½ hrs behind Turkey, Moscow, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania 7 hrs behind Egypt, Libya, Congo Dem Rep, South Africa 8 hrs behind Athens, Israel, Syria, Jordan also 8 hrs behind Algeria, Nigeria. Morocco 9 hrs behind Europe except UK & Portugal also 9 hrs behind South West Africa (Ghana, Mali, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mauritania) and Iceland 10 hrs behind. England, Portugal also 10 hrs behind Central and Southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina 11 hrs ahead (previous day) also Chile, Paraguay 11 hrs ahead (previous day) (Daylight Saving) Western Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela 10 hrs ahead (previous day) Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Panama, Cancún in Mexico 9 hrs ahead (previous day) also New York, Toronto, Montreal, Cuba, Haiti 9 hrs ahead (previous day) San Salvador, Guatemala 8 hrs ahead (previous day) also Mexico City, Texas 8 hrs ahead (previous day) Northern Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Alberta 7 hrs ahead (previous day) Baja California in Mexico, Los Angeles, Seattle, Yukon 6 hrs ahead (previous day) Alaska 5 hrs ahead (previous day) Hawaii 4 hrs ahead (previous day)
** End of file.